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| Measurement Conversion Chart |
| 10 drops |
1/10 tsp. |
1/96 oz. |
1/8 dram |
about 1 ml. |
| 12.5 drops |
1/8 tsp. |
1/48 oz. |
1/6 dram |
about 5/8 ml. |
| 25 drops |
1/4 tsp. |
1/24 oz. |
1/3 dram |
about 1 1/4 ml. |
| 50 drops |
1/2 tsp. |
1/12 oz. |
2/3 dram |
about 2 1/2 ml. |
| 100 drops |
1 tsp. |
1/6 oz. |
1 1/3 drams |
about 5 ml. |
| 150 drops |
1 1/2 tsp. |
1/4 oz. |
2 drams |
about 13.5 ml |
| 300 drops |
3 tsp. |
1/2 oz. |
4 drams |
about 15 ml. |
| 600 drops |
6 tsp. |
1 oz. |
8 drams |
about 30 ml. |
| 24 teaspoons |
(8 tablespoons) |
4 oz. |
1/2 cup |
| 48 teaspoons |
(16 tablespoons) |
8 oz. |
1 cup |
1/2 pint |
| 96 teaspoons |
(32 tablespoons) |
16 oz. |
2 cups |
1 pint |
Suggested Dilutions for Various Methods of Application
Vegetable Oils
The more saturated an oil, the thicker its consistency and the
longer it can be stored without refrigeration. Also, the lower the iodine value, the better the oil will keep. Values can
vary according to the source of the oil. Some oils also contain other ingredients that improve their preservation, such as
sesame oil.
| Oil |
% of Saturated Fats |
Iodine Value |
| Coconut |
91 |
9 |
| Cocoa Butter |
50 |
40 |
| Olive |
20 |
84 |
| Peanut |
20 |
92 |
| Rice |
17 |
104 |
| Corn |
17 |
124 |
| Wheat Germ |
18 |
125 |
| Walnut |
16 |
138 |
| Soy |
15 |
130 |
| Sesame |
13 |
110 |
| Almond |
5 - 10 |
100 |
| Apricot |
5 - 10 |
100 |
| Sunflower |
6 - 8 |
130 |
| Safflower |
6 |
143 |
| Castor |
3 |
84 |
The values are based on information from Bailey's Industrial Oil and Fat Products, edited by Daniel Swern,
and Food Oils and Their Uses, by Theodore J. Weiss, USDA research chemist.
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The following information is adapted from The Essential Oil Safety Data Manual by Robert Tisserand. We recommend this
book to anyone interested in a thorough study of toxic oils.
| Photosensitizing Essential Oils |
| angelica |
lime |
| bergamot |
opoponax |
| bitter orange |
rue |
| cumin |
verbena |
| lemon |
| Mucous-Membrane Irritants |
| allspice |
savory |
| cinnamon |
spearmint |
| clove |
thyme (except linalol) |
| oregano |
|
| Skin Irritants |
| cinnamon |
pimento |
| clove |
savory |
| dwarf pine |
thyme (except linalol) |
| oregano |
wintergreen |
|
Potentially Toxic OilsSome of the oils in the following list have limited use externally; others are
used for perfumery. We have included Latin names to avoid any confusion.
almond, bitter (Prunus amygdalus var. amara)
inula (Inula graveolens)
khella (Ammi visnaga)
mugwort
(Artemesia vulgaris)
pennyroyal (Mentha pelugium)
sassafras (Sassafras albidum)
thuja (Thuja occidentalis)
wintergreen
(Gaultheria procumbens) |
Very Toxic Essential Oils
We recommend not using the following oils at all.
ajowan (Ptychotis ajowan, Carum ajowan)
arnica (Arnica montana)
boldo (Peumus boldus)
buchu (Barosma
betulina)
calamus (Acorus calamus)
cascarilla (Croton eluteria)
chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium)
camphor, brown
and yellow (Cinnamomun camphora)
deer tongue (Carphephorus odoratissimus)
horseradish (Cochlearia armoracia, Armoracia
rusticana)
jaborandi (Pilocarpus jaborandi)
mustard (Brassica nigra)
narcissus (Narcissus poeticus)
nutmeg (Myristica
fragrans)
parsley (Petroselinum sativum, Carum sativum)
rue (Ruta graveolens)
santolina (Santolina chamaecyparissus)
Spanish
broom (Spartium junceum)
tansy (Tanacetum vulgare)
tonka (Dipteryx odorata)
turmeric (Curcuma longa)
wormseed
(Chenopodium ambrosioides, C. anthelminticum)
wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) |
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